ノルウェー政府系ファンド、1-3月に約5兆円のリターン-株高寄与
Lars Erik Taraldsen、Ott Ummelas
2021年4月21日 21:35
ノルウェーの政府系ファンド(SWF)、ノルウェー政府年金基金グローバルは、1-3月(第1四半期)に4%のリターンを上げた。金額では3820億クローネ(約4兆9400億円)。株式ポートフォリオの利益増が債券の損失を補った。
トロン・グランデ副最高経営責任者(CEO)は21日発表の声明で「金融・エネルギー部門がけん引した株式相場の上昇が大きかった」と指摘した。同ファンドはこれまで、成長見通しを踏まえて米国株への依存を高めたいとの方針を示していた。
同ファンドの運用資産は3月末時点で総額1兆3200億ドル相当だった。
Is it really because of climate change?
To test the climate-conflict hypothesis, Erin and I therefore focused on the ten main countries in East Africa. We used a new database that records major episodes of political violence and number of total displaced people for the past 50 years for each of the ten countries. We then statistically compared these records both at a country and a regional level with the appropriate climatic, economic and political indicators.
Lower levels of conflict are associated with economic growth and stable politics. Owain and Maslin, 2018, Author provided We found that climate variations such as regional drought and global temperature did not significantly impact the level of regional conflict or the number of total displaced people. The major driving forces on conflict were rapid population growth, reduced or negative economic growth and instability of political regimes. Numbers of total displaced people were linked to rapid population growth and low or stagnating economic growth.
The evidence from East Africa is that no single factor can fully explain conflict and the displacement of people. Instead, conflict seems to be linked primarily to long-term population growth, short-term economic recessions and extreme political instability. Halvard Buhaug, a professor at the Peace Research Institute Oslo, looked at the same questions in 2015 and his study reached much the same conclusion: sociopolitical factors were more important than climate change.
China’s new coal power plant capacity in 2020 more than three times rest of world’s: study
2021年2月3日11:20
SHANGHAI (Reuters) – China put 38.4 gigawatts (GW) of new coal-fired power capacity into operation in 2020, according to new international research, more than three times the amount built elsewhere around the world and potentially undermining its short-term climate goals.
The country won praise last year after President Xi Jinping pledged to make the country “carbon neutral” by 2060. But regulators have since come under fire for failing to properly control the coal power sector, a major source of climate-warming greenhouse gas.
Including decommissions, China’s coal-fired fleet capacity rose by a net 29.8 GW in 2020, even as the rest of the world made cuts of 17.2 GW, according to research released on Wednesday by Global Energy Monitor (GEM), a U.S. think tank, and the Helsinki-based Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA).
“The runaway expansion of coal-fired power is driven by electricity companies’ and local governments’ interest in maximising investment spending, more than a real need for new capacity,” said Lauri Myllyvirta, CREA lead analyst.
The country’s National Energy Administration (NEA) didn’t immediately respond to Reuters’ request for comment.
China approved the construction of a further 36.9 GW of coal-fired capacity last year, three times more than a year earlier, bringing the total under construction to 88.1 GW. It now has 247 GW of coal power under development, enough to supply the whole of Germany.
A team of central government environmental inspectors delivered a scathing assessment of China’s energy regulator last Friday, accusing officials of planning failures and focusing too much on guaranteeing energy supply.
The NEA had allowed plants to be built in already polluted regions, while projects in less sensitive “coal-power bases” had not gone ahead, they said.
China has been criticised for pursuing an energy-intensive post-COVID recovery based on heavy industry and construction, and experts say new coal plants could end up becoming heavily-indebted “stranded assets”.
Christine Shearer, GEM’s coal programme director, said China needs to ensure its short-term development plans align with long-term climate goals.
“Hopefully as the Chinese government determines its coal power capacity targets for the next five-year plan (for 2021-2025), it will severely restrict if not end new coal plant builds and accelerate retirements,” she said.
Reporting by David Stanway; Additional reporting by Muyu Xu in Beijing; Editing by Kenneth Maxwell
Climate change in Baltic region and in the Gulf of Finland is an accomplished fact in human brains and in science. The purpose of this research is to retrieve quantitative level of changes for sea surface temperature (SST) of the Gulf of Finland. Two space systems National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (NOAA/AVHRR) and Aqua/Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) provided satellite data about temperature of the sea surface. SST data covers period 1981–2014 and includes 444 monthly data scenes with spatial resolution about 10 km. Data quality analysis displays high reliability of NOAA/AVHRR and Aqua/MODIS satellite information. The Gulf of Finland’s average annual SST has changed from 6.8°C in 1982 up to 8.2°C in 2014. Its mean speed of warming is about 0.04°C year–1. The growth of the temperature was irregular, in the middle of 80th year, the temperature dropped down to 5.0°C, and then sharply increased up to 7.3°C in 1989. SST growth in the Gulf of Finland coincides with air temperature and sea temperature growth. The climate change in the Gulf of Finland has special significance due to the fragility of the northern ecosystems and high anthropogenic load.
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